Invited Talks -- Building Theories of the World: Human and Machine Learning Perspectives -- SRL without Tears: An ILP Perspective -- Semantic Web Meets ILP: Unconsumated Love, or No Love Lost? -- Learning Expressive Models of Gene Regulation -- Information Overload and FP7 Funding Opportunities in 2009-10 -- Research Papers -- A Model to Study Phase Transition and Plateaus in Relational Learning -- Top-Down Induction of Relational Model Trees in Multi-instance Learning -- Challenges in Relational Learning for Real-Time Systems Applications -- Discriminative Structure Learning of Markov Logic Networks -- An Experiment in Robot Discovery with ILP -- Using the Bottom Clause and Mode Declarations on FOL Theory Revision from Examples -- DL-FOIL Concept Learning in Description Logics -- Feature Discovery with Type Extension Trees -- Feature Construction Using Theory-Guided Sampling and Randomised Search -- Foundations of Onto-Relational Learning -- L-Modified ILP Evaluation Functions for Positive-Only Biological Grammar Learning -- Logical Hierarchical Hidden Markov Models for Modeling User Activities -- Learning with Kernels in Description Logics -- Querying and Merging Heterogeneous Data by Approximate Joins on Higher-Order Terms -- A Comparison between Two Statistical Relational Models -- Brave Induction -- A Statistical Approach to Incremental Induction of First-Order Hierarchical Knowledge Bases -- A Note on Refinement Operators for IE-Based ILP Systems -- Learning Aggregate Functions with Neural Networks Using a Cascade-Correlation Approach -- Learning Block-Preserving Outerplanar Graph Patterns and Its Application to Data Mining.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Inductive Logic Programming, ILP 2008, held in Prague, Czech Republic, in September 2008. The 20 revised full papers presented together with the abstracts of 5 invited lectures were carefully reviewed and selected during two rounds of reviewing and improvement from 46 initial submissions. All current topics in inductive logic programming are covered, ranging from theoretical and methodological issues to advanced applications. The papers present original results in the first-order logic representation framework, explore novel logic induction frameworks, and address also new areas such as statistical relational learning, graph mining, or the semantic Web.